1. Define Bone Density,How is it Measured? What are the Causes, Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Management of Osteoporosis?
2. What is Myxedema Coma? Describe it's Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment of Myxedema Coma?
3. What is the Diagnostic Approach of Young Onset Hypertension and it's Treatment?
4. How do you clinically Localize the Anatomical level of Lesion in Spinal cord diseases?
A:-
5. Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation?
6. Describe about Megaloblastic Anaemia?
7. What are the Causes, Pathogenesis and Differential diagnosis of Ascites?
8. Approach to Acute Pancreatitis?
9. Mention the Differences in Findings between UMN and LMN Lesion?
10.Indications of Hemodialysis?
A:-
Fluid Overload - Acute Pulmonary Edema, Pulmonary Edema ( Edema )
* Hyperkalaemia - Associated ECG changes like Broad QRS
* Uraemia - Pericarditis, Encephalopathy and Uraemic syndrome
* Metabolic Acidosis - Resistant to Bicarbonate Therapy
* Others include Bleeding diathesis etc.
11.Role of Sucralfate in the treatment of Erosive Gastritis?
12.Mention the Renal Manifestations of Snake Bite?
Renal Damage may be Primary or Secondary.
* Primary Renal Damage - Caused by Russell's vipers, Presentation is Changes in Urine Output
( Polyuria, Oliguria and Anuria ) and rises is Creatinine and Urea.
* Secondary Renal Damage - Common in cases with Intravascular Hemolysis and Presentation is similar to that of Primary Renal Damage.
13.Causes of Portal Hypertension?
A:-
1) Pre-Hepatic Pre-Sinusoidal :
* Portal Vein Thrombosis due to Sepsis or Procoagulopathy or Secondary to Cirrhosis.
* Abdominal Trauma including Surgery.
2) Intrahepatic Pre-Sinusoidal :
* Schistosomiasis
* Congenital Hepatic Fibrosis
* Drugs such as Vinyl chloride
* Sarcoidosis
3) Sinusoidal :
* Cirrhosis
* Polycystic Liver disease
* Nodular Regenerative Hyperplasia
* Metastatic Malignant disease
4) Intrahepatic Post-Sinusoidal :
* Veno-Occlusive disease
5) Post-Hepatic Post-Sinusoidal :
* Budd-Chiari Syndrome
14.Clinical features of Down's Syndrome?
A:-
Typical Craniofacial Appearance :
* Round Face and Flat Nasal Bridge
* Upslanted Palpebral Fissures
* Epicanthic Folds
* Brushfield Spots in Iris
* Small Mouth and Protruding Tongue
* Small Ears
* Flat Occiput and Third Fontanelle
Other Anomalies :
* Short Neck
* Hypotonia
* Congenital Heart defects
* Duodenal Atresia
* Hirschsprung disease
* Single Palmar Creases, Incurved Fifth Finger and Wide Sandal gap between Toes
Later Medical Problems :
* Delayed Motor Milestones
* Moderate to Severe Learning Difficulties
* Small Stature
* Increased Susceptibility to Infections
* Hearing Impairment due to Secretory Otitis Media
* Visual Impairment from Cataract, Squint and Myopia.
* Increased risk of Leukaemia and Solid Tumours
* Risk of Atlanto - Axial Instability
* Epilepsy
* Increased risk of Hypothyroidism and Coeliac disease
* Alzheimer's disease
15.Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis Complications?
A:-
16.Causes of Cervical Myelopathy?
